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Compare Macau (2001) - El Salvador (2005)

Compare Macau (2001) z El Salvador (2005)

 Macau (2001)El Salvador (2005)
 MacauEl Salvador
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan
Age structure 0-14 years:
22.68% (male 53,291; female 49,615)

15-64 years:
70.08% (male 150,538; female 167,431)

65 years and over:
7.24% (male 13,287; female 19,571) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 36.5% (male 1,250,901/female 1,198,589)


15-64 years: 58.3% (male 1,860,084/female 2,051,140)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 153,133/female 191,085) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, vegetables coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 73 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 69


914 to 1,523 m: 15


under 914 m: 54 (2004 est.)
Area total:
21 sq km

land:
21 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 21,040 sq km


land: 20,720 sq km


water: 320 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs. El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.
Birth rate 12.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 27.04 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$1.26 billion

expenditures:
$1.22 billion, including capital expenditures of $175 million (1999 est.)
revenues: $2.491 billion


expenditures: $2.782 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital - San Salvador
Climate subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
Coastline 40 km 307 km
Constitution Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" 23 December 1983
Country name conventional long form:
Macau Special Administrative Region

conventional short form:
Macau

local long form:
Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese)

local short form:
Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador


conventional short form: El Salvador


local long form: Republica de El Salvador


local short form: El Salvador
Currency pataca (MOP) -
Death rate 3.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $1.7 billion (1997) $4.792 billion (September 2004 est.)
Dependency status special administrative region of China -
Diplomatic representation from the US the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong chief of mission: Ambassador H. Douglas BARCLAY


embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador


mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023


telephone: [503] 278-4444


FAX: [503] 278-5522
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez


chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671


FAX: [1] (202) 234-3834


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York (2), San Francisco, and Washington, DC


consulate(s): Boston
Disputes - international none in 1992, the ICJ ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, but despite OAS intervention and a further ICJ ruling in 2003, full demarcation of the border remains stalled; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca
Economic aid - recipient $NA $125 million of which, $53 million from US (2003)
Economy - overview The economy is based largely on tourism (including gambling) and textile and fireworks manufacturing. Efforts to diversify have spawned other small industries - toys, artificial flowers, and electronics. The tourist sector has accounted for roughly 25% of GDP, and the clothing industry has provided about three-fourths of export earnings; the gambling industry probably represents over 40% of GDP. More than 8 million tourists visited Macau in 2000. Macau depends on China for most of its food, fresh water, and energy imports. Japan and Hong Kong are the main suppliers of raw materials and capital goods. Output dropped 5% in 1998 and 3% in 1999, with a small 2% gain in 2000. Macau reverted to Chinese administration on 20 December 1999. Gang violence, a dark spot in the economy, probably will be reduced in 2000-01 to the advantage of the tourism sector. GDP per capita is roughly half that of Brazil, Argentina, and Chile, and the distribution of income is highly unequal. The government is striving to open new export markets, encourage foreign investment, modernize the tax and healthcare systems, and stimulate the sluggish economy. Implementation of the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, ratified by El Salvador in 2004, is viewed as a key policy to help achieve these objectives. The trade deficit has been offset by annual remittances from Salvadorans living abroad - 16% of GDP in 2004 - and external aid. With the adoption of the US dollar as its currency, El Salvador has lost control over monetary policy and must concentrate on maintaining a disciplined fiscal policy.
Electricity - consumption 1.422 billion kWh (1999) 4.45 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports 3 million kWh (1999) 91 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports 165 million kWh (1999) 473 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - production 1.355 billion kWh (1999) 4.158 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
Coloane Alto 174 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other mestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1%
Exchange rates patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2001), 8.025 (2000), 7.990 (1999), 7.978 (1998), 7.974 (1997), 7.966 (1996); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar the US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001
Executive branch chief of state:
President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)

head of government:
Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen

elections:
NA
chief of state: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 21 March 2004 (next to be held March 2009)


election results: Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez elected president; percent of vote - Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (ARENA) 57.7%, Schafik HANDAL (FMLN) 35.6%, Hector SILVA (CDU-PDC) 3.9%, other 2.8%
Exports $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities textiles, clothing, toys, electronics, cement, footwear, machinery offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity
Exports - partners US 47%, EU 30%, China 9.2%, Hong Kong 6.7% (1999) US 65.6%, Guatemala 11.8%, Honduras 6.3% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
GDP purchasing power parity - $7.82 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
25%

services:
74% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 9.2%


industry: 31.1%


services: 59.7% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,500 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $4,900 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2000 est.) 1.8% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 22 10 N, 113 33 E 13 50 N, 88 55 W
Geography - note essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea
Heliports - 1 (2004 est.)
Highways total:
50 km

paved:
50 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)
total: 10,029 km


paved: 1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways)


unpaved: 8,043 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 1.4%


highest 10%: 39.3% (2001)
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic cocaine abuse on the rise
Imports $2.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities raw materials, foodstuffs, capital goods, fuels, consumer goods raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity
Imports - partners China 36%, Hong Kong 18%, EU 13%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 7% (1999) US 46.3%, Guatemala 8.1%, Mexico 6% (2004)
Independence none (special administrative region of China) 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 0.7% (2004 est.)
Industries clothing, textiles, toys, electronics, footwear, tourism, gambling food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals
Infant mortality rate 4.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 25.1 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 27.98 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 22.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -1.8% (2000 est.) 5.4% (2004 est.)
International organization participation CCC, ESCAP (associate), IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 360 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly)
Labor force 283,450 (1999) 2.75 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 22%, other services 52% (2000 est.) agriculture 17.1%, industry 17.1%, services 65.8% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries total:
0.34 km

border countries:
China 0.34 km
total: 545 km


border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
2%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
98% (1998 est.)
arable land: 31.85%


permanent crops: 12.07%


other: 56.08% (2001)
Languages Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese) Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Legal system based on Portuguese civil law system based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (23 seats; 8 elected by popular vote, 8 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 22 September 1996 (next to be held by 15 October 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - APPEM 2, UNIPRO 2, CODEM 1, UDM 1, UPD 1, ANMD 1
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FMLN 31, ARENA 28, PCN 15, PDC 5, CD 5
Life expectancy at birth total population:
81.69 years

male:
78.88 years

female:
84.64 years (2001 est.)
total population: 71.22 years


male: 67.61 years


female: 75.01 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
90%

male:
93%

female:
86% (1981 est.)
definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 80.2%


male: 82.8%


female: 77.7% (2003 est.)
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Map references Southeast Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims not specified territorial sea: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999 -
Military branches Macau garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) includes about 500 troops Army, Navy (FNES), Air Force (FAS)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $157 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.1% (2003)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
125,737 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
69,191 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality noun:
Chinese

adjective:
Chinese
noun: Salvadoran(s)


adjective: Salvadoran
Natural hazards typhoons known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
Natural resources NEGL hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land
Net migration rate 9.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -3.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders the following is a listing of those associations that participated in the last legislative elections: Associacao de Novo Macau Democratico or ANMD [leader NA]; Associacao Promotora para a Economia de Macau or APPEM [leader NA]; Convergencia para o Desenvolvimento or CODEM [leader NA]; Uniao Geral para o Desenvolvimento de Macau or UDM [leader NA]; Uniao para o Desenvolvimento or UPD [leader NA]; Uniao Promotora para o Progresso or UNIPRO [leader NA]

note:
there are no formal political parties, but civic associations are used instead
Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic Convergence or CD (formerly United Democratic Center or CDU) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general]; Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ ZEPEDA, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader] labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI
Population 453,733 (July 2001 est.) 6,704,932 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 36.1% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate 1.79% (2001 est.) 1.75% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Macau Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 160,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 283 km


narrow gauge: 283 km 0.914-m gauge


note: length of operational route reduced from 562 km to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2004)
Religions Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.) Roman Catholic 83%, other 17%


note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.9 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services

domestic:
NA

international:
HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system


international: country code - 503; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use 176,837 (2000) 752,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 120,957 (2000) 1,149,800 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997) 5 (1997)
Terrain generally flat mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Total fertility rate 1.31 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.16 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 6.6% (2000) 6.3% - but the economy has much underemployment (2004 est.)
Waterways none Rio Lempa partially navigable (2004)
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